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Phạm Bá Ngoãn, pen name Thanh Hải (1930–1980) was a modern Vietnamese poet. His penname "Thanh Hải" literally means "Blue Sea" in classical Sino-Vietnamese. ==Biography== Ngoãn was born on 4 November 1930 in Phong Bình Commune, Phong Điền District, Thừa Thiên–Huế Province. He was descended from a poor intelligentsia family. His father was a teacher, and his mother was a farmer. Thanh Hải attended local schools through his childhood. When Thanh Hải was 17, he took part in revolutionary movements at Hương Thủy District, and became the commissar of a cultural and artistic troupe. During the 1954-1964 period, Thanh Hải took part in revolutionary movements in his native province, became a provincial propaganda and instruction cadre. During the 1964-1967 period, he was in charge of the ''Cờ Giải phóng'' (Flag of Liberation) newspaper of Huế city. Then he became a member of the Committee of Association of Vietnamese Writers, vice-president of Bình Trị Thiên Liberation Letters and Arts Branch. After 1975, Thanh Hải became Secretary-general of Association of Bình-Trị-Thiên's Writers, member of the standing committee of Union of Vietnamese Arts and Literature. Thanh Hải died because of cirrhosis on 15 December 1980 at Huế city. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Thanh Hải」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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